A young child with a rash on the arm caused by a food allergy reaction
Introduction
Many people enjoy eating, but some must avoid certain foods due to food allergies. The number of people reporting food allergy symptoms has increased in recent years. While some think their stomachs cannot tolerate certain foods or drinks, research shows that only a small number of people actually suffer from true food allergies.
Understanding the causes of food allergies, recognizing the signs, and knowing the appropriate treatment can save lives.
Food allergies are a growing public health concern worldwide. From mild rashes to severe anaphylaxis, allergic reactions can vary greatly depending on the immune system’s sensitivity and the type of food allergen involved.
Why Do Some People Have Food Allergies?
EpiPen and allergy medicine placed beside food for preparedness
A report published in a U.S. medical journal explains different opinions about why food allergies develop. Most experts agree that the immune system is the primary cause. Food allergens are proteins present in certain foods. The immune system mistakenly believes these proteins are harmful. When the protein enters the body, the immune system creates an antibody called Immunoglobulin E (IgE).
This antibody targets the protein, and when the food is eaten again, IgE triggers chemicals like histamine. Histamine normally plays a helpful role in immunity, but in this case, it leads to visible food allergy symptoms such as rashes, swelling, or breathing problems. This explains why eating food once may not cause an allergy, but eating it again can trigger a reaction.
For a deeper look at how the human body reacts to natural and emotional triggers, read our post The Laws of Human Nature.
Food Intolerance vs Allergy: Why Can’t the Stomach Digest Some Foods?
Nutrition label showing highlighted allergens like wheat, soy, and nuts
Some people confuse food intolerance with allergy. Intolerance relates to the digestive system, not the immune system. No antibodies are produced. Instead, intolerance happens when the stomach lacks certain enzymes or cannot process specific chemicals in foods. For example, lactose intolerance occurs when the body lacks the enzyme needed to digest lactose.
Symptoms of intolerance may appear after the first time a food is eaten, unlike food allergies, which often show up after repeated exposure. While intolerances may cause discomfort, food allergens can cause life-threatening reactions.
It’s important to understand the difference between food allergy and food intolerance, as the two require very different management and treatment approaches.
Food Allergy Symptoms You Should Know
Parent discussing child’s food allergy symptoms with the doctor
The following are common food allergy symptoms:
- Swelling of the throat, eyes, or tongue
- Acne or rashes on the body
- Itching
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
Severe cases may cause low blood pressure, dizziness, fainting, or even cardiac arrest. These symptoms can become deadly quickly.
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Common Food Allergens That Trigger Reactions
School cafeteria tray labeled with allergy-safe food options
Although any food can trigger allergies, the most common food allergens include:
- Milk
- Eggs
- Fish
- Shellfish (prawns, shrimps, crabs)
- Peanuts
- Soybeans
- Tree nuts (almonds, walnuts, pistachios, cashews)
- Wheat
Food allergies affect all ages, from toddlers to adults. If parents are allergic to certain foods, children are more likely to develop the same sensitivities. Interestingly, many children outgrow allergies as they get older.
Food intolerance, however, is usually less severe but still uncomfortable. Typical symptoms include:
- Stomach pain
- Bloating
- Flatulence
- Acne
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Agitation
Difficult-to-digest foods often include milk, wheat, gluten, alcohol, and yeast.
The most common food allergens are responsible for nearly 90% of allergic reactions worldwide, making awareness and early testing essential for prevention.
Treatment and Precautions for Food Allergies
Illustration of common food allergy symptoms like hives and swelling
If you suspect a food allergy, consult a healthcare professional. Self-diagnosing or removing foods without medical advice may deprive your body of essential nutrients.
For severe food allergy treatment, complete avoidance of the allergen is the safest option. Some people with mild allergies may tolerate small amounts, but reactions vary widely. In cases of severe allergies, even tiny amounts of certain foods can cause life-threatening reactions, making strict avoidance essential.
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Healthy Food Choices to Avoid Food Allergies
Fruits are good for health.
Fresh fruits and a balanced diet can help maintain overall health for those managing food allergies. While diet alone cannot cure allergies, eating nutrient-rich foods strengthens the immune system and supports long-term wellness.
Fresh fruits, displayed as part of a healthy diet for allergy prevention
Share this guide with friends and family, as awareness can help prevent accidental exposure and promote healthier eating habits.
Conclusion
In conclusion, food allergies can affect anyone, from children to adults. Recognizing the causes of food allergies, identifying common food allergy symptoms, and following proper food allergy treatment plans can make the condition manageable.
Whether it’s avoiding common food allergens or seeking medical advice, taking the right precautions ensures a healthier and safer life.
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